This Idea of Punishment is huge in the Inferno. Everyone in hell is being punished for whatever reason. For some the punishment is never knowing god’s love and for other it is pain that fills every second of their life. The only constant in hell is that everyone is being punished.
Even Satan is being punished for his sins. No one is exempt from punishment. Satan is trapped in ice and has to live in it forever. Always freezing cold and he can never get any warmth. That is because he is as far away from god as possible. Because of his treachery he is banished from god’s grace completely.
In the upper levels of hell the punishments are not a severer as the lower depths. In the first level of hell their only punishment is not being by god. They live virtues lives but they never accepted god as their savior and Jesus as their savior so they can never go to heaven.
Even Dante in the story is being punished. He has to go through hell and experience everything. He has to see everyone suffering. He has to have the knowledge of the pain everyone is going through. His love is in danger and he has to save her. His punishment is the journey he must go through before he can reach god.
Dante put his own views into the story when making the punishment. He was a man who loved his land and was banished. He felt betrayed so because of this the punishments reflect that. His personal anger is felt in his writing.
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